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Sandstones
Cohesive sedimentary rocks formed as a result of cementing of quartz, feldspar or mica grains, as well as other rocks and minerals, sized 0.02 – 2 milimetres. The cements binding the grains are limestone (calcite, dolomite) clay or silica. A common type of reservoir rock

Saturation
The relative amount of water, oil and gas in the pores of a rock, usually as a percentage of volume. Production is possible when saturation is over 25%, below this level, the reservoir will produce only water, over 75% only oil and/or gas

Seismic survey
Generation of artificial and controlled „earthquakes” by a series of micro explosions or vibration, which generate acoustic waves. Sound waves are transported at different speed in different materials and, at the transition between different materials, they partly bend and reflect back to the surface. After processing those signals, it is possible to estimate the time of wave transmission, angles of reflection and their frequency. The data helps to specify the rock structure and its geological features

Shales
Sedimentary rocks largely composed of kaolinite, illite or other clay minerals. May also contain small grains of quartz, mica, carbonates or iron compounds. Less common type of reservoir rocks

Source rock
Sedimentary rock (mailny sandstones and limestones) containing rich organic material which, in sufficient pressure and temperature conditions, may generate hydrocarbons

Spill point
Structurally, the lowest point in a hydrocarbon trap that can retain hydrocarbons and prevent their migration